Archive for February, 2010

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Patellar Subluxation – An Open Patella Knee Brace Can Make All the Difference – Knee Pain Relief


2010
02.28



Patella Subluxation

There are a number of problems that can strike the knee, but few are as painful as patellar subluxation. Read on for information regarding this painful knee issue and how to help treat it.

Anatomy Note

The trochlea is a groove on the thigh bone that is essential for knee movement. The kneecap slides up and down this groove, which allows your knee to bend properly. In some cases, the kneecap does not slide properly along this groove, which can lead to problems. In some cases, the knee leaves the groove altogether, which results in knee dislocation. In others it just slides improperly, which can cause pain or discomfort for the patient.

Patellar subluxation usually strikes adolescents or young children, however it can affect anyone. There are a number of reasons why someone may get patellar subluxation, including being born with a groove that is too shallow, a wide pelvis or abnormalities in ones gait.

A doctor will typically take X-rays of the knee to assess the damage. If the kneecap has left the groove altogether, the knee will have to be put back in place. If the knee is still within the groove, there are a number of other treatment options available.

Therapy

Physical therapy is commonly used to treat patellar subluxation. Strengthening the hip abductors and hip flexors is crucial to controlling the motion of the kneecap. This is accomplished using a range of pelvic stabilization exercises, which help to strengthen the muscles and support your knee.

Your Shoes

Take a look at your footwear. Improper shoes can promote an abnormal gait. Making sure that you have decent footwear can both help control your gait, and lessen the tension on your knee.

Using A Knee Brace

Using a knee brace can help provide knee support and to lessen the pain. There are knee braces that help control the knee cap, so it does not deviate from its course along the groove in the trochlea. These knee braces can be effective in decreasing knee pain as well.

Surgery

In some cases, the above treatment options may not work in the long term, and surgery may be required. In most cases surgery is not needed, but if your knee constantly gets dislocated or you are in severe pain a lot of the time, there may be no other option.

Patellar subluxation can cause other problems with the knee to occur. For instance, osteoarthritis can be caused by patellar subluxation, which is why consulting your physician is a wise decision if you are experiencing knee pain.

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Healing Body Aches And Pain


2010
02.24



Pain is our nation’s hidden epidemic–more than 75 million Americans live with some kind of chronic or recurrent pain. Pain is the number one reason people seek medical care.

Inadequate treatment of pain has serious physiological, psychological and social consequences. Pain uses up all reserves in the immune system, thus leaving it weakened and leaves the person susceptible to other disease. Pain diminishes the quality of nearly every aspect of a person’s life–including sleep, work, social and sexual relations.

Pain is simply a message sent by the body to the brain, signaling the presence of disease, injury, stress or strain. Without pain, you would be unaware of many problems–torn ligaments to cancer. Pain is simply, Mother Nature’s way of telling you something is awry.

Traditional medicine focuses on killing the messenger with narcotics, anti-depressants and tranquilizers that take care of the symptoms, but not the cause of the pain. This treatment only masks symptoms of serious dis-ease, but can also create a lifetime cycle of chronic pain.

The good news is with adequate holistic care nearly all chronic pain can be eliminated or greatly eased.

Unfortunately, there are barriers that prevent people from engaging in the most effective pain treatments. Pain carries a stigma. Many people with pain are fearful or embarrassed to let others know they are in pain because they believe they will appear weak or they will be accused of making it up to avoid life’s travail.

Another major barrier is government and insurance policies impede adequate pain treatment by restricting access to holistic treatment–such as: Chiropractic, Acupressure, Acupuncture, Metaphysical Healing–Mind, Body and Spirit–using Hypnosis, Rolfing, Massage, Biofeedback, Cranio Sacral Therapies, Body Walking, Bodywork and Movement Therapies.

Another important part of holistic treatment is herbal remedies. Herbs have been used for centuries for their pain relieving qualities. These herbs are recommended for pain relief:

o Cramps and Spasms: angelica, cramp bar, kava, rosemary, valerian root.

o Nerve Pain: capsaicin, chamomile, gotu kola, licorice, white willow.

o Back Pain: hops, wood betony, passion flower. Migraine: feverfew, linden, skullcap.

o Headaches: peppermint, spearmint.

o Joint pain: ginger, sea cucumber.

o Sniffing or applying essential oils is believed to change brain chemistry so that pleasurable neuro-transmitters called endorphins are released to relieve pain. Geranium, jasmine, juniper, lavender, peppermint, rose, rosemary and thyme are oils commonly used to ease pain.

o As the body ages the ability to manufacture or produce certain elements diminishes and thus diminishes the ability to short-circuit the cycle of chronic pain. Green lipped sea mussels, glucosamine, sea cucumber, spirulina, Sam-e, HGH (Human Growth Hormone), MSM (Methulsuflonydmethane) and melatonin, aid joint, muscle, head, teeth, jaw and general tissue pain.

o Meditation is highly recommended to calm the mind so that it is not racing with thoughts and anxieties that might be contributing to an unnecessary belief in the existence of pain. There are hundreds of different meditation techniques. They fit into three categories: concentrative, mindful and transcendental meditation.

o Eating a well balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables can raise your pain threshold or resistance to pain. A deficiency in any of the main vitamins (A, B, C, D or E) can cause chronic pain. Vitamin E is used to treat joint pain. A deficiency in calcium, iron, magnesium and other minerals can lower your pain threshold. A calcium magnesium supplement taken in a 2:1 ratio of calcium to magnesium relieves joint pain and headaches. Manganese is a vitamin that is sometimes used for chronic headaches and neuralgia. A deficiency of the B vitamins can cause nervousness, headaches and chronic pain.

o Research indicates that bodily functions that were previously thought to be beyond conscious control, such as chronic pain, can be controlled thorough the use of visualization. Guided imagery encourages the sufferer to think in pictures that eliminate negative thoughts thus raising levels of pleasurable brain chemicals, such as serotonin, decreasing anxiety and increasing the effectiveness of the immune system. Through guided imagery, the mind brings forth mental scenes in order to better direct the body’s energy. For instance, if a person is suffering from a stabbing pain, she/he might want to imagine a knife being removed from the spot and a subsequent glowing feeling of relief. Guided imagery has been used successfully to manage headaches, sinus problems, arthritis and cancer.

Inadequate pain treatment has an enormous toll on the U.S. economy. The National Institute of Health estimates that pain costs the American public over $100 billion per year in medical expenses, lost wages and other costs.

Adequate pain treatment requires educating yourself, a support system and willingness to buck traditional medical treatments–i.e. pain medication and surgery.

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Dog Dental Hygiene


2010
02.20



Most people would not dream of skimping on dental hygiene when it comes to themselves or the people they love. Routine dental visits to check for cavities are musts in addition to the morning and night routine of brushing and flossing. But while it makes sense that human teeth need constant attention, the idea that a pet’s dental health is important as well does not seem to translate as easily.

The majority of pet owners view dental hygiene as an unimportant afterthought. But failing to take care of your dog’s teeth can lead to a number of problems which can lead to much bigger problems for both you and your pet.

What Dog Dental Hygiene Should Include

In order to prevent further health issues related to poor dental hygiene, dog owners should take charge of their pet’s health and implement a routine to care for teeth. The following things are necessary for a happy and healthy puppy’s mouth:

o Brushing-brushing should be started as early as possible in your dog’s life so that it can get used to the feeling. Starting later in life can lead to constant struggles between dogs and owners. By the time a puppy’s baby teeth have fallen out at around six months of age, he should be on a regular tooth brushing schedule.

o Finger brushing-using a finger brush is an easier and more effective way to brush your dog’s teeth. These brushes are simply slipped around the finger and then used in the dog’s mouth. It is easier to get more friction when brushing and plaque reduction is much greater.

o Dog toothpaste-using the wrong type of toothpaste can make your pet sick. There are specific toothpastes created for canines and their special needs.

o Checks-in between vet visits you should pull up your dog’s lips in order to inspect his teeth. Check for signs of periodontal disease such as swollen gums, significant tartar buildup and bleeding. If you notice signs that may be of concern, take your pet to the vet.

o Regular vet visits-during your regular vet visits it is important to ask your vet about your dog’s dental health. If there is severe buildup on his teeth, your vet may suggest having your dog’s teeth cleaned.

For more information on dental hygiene in dogs and the consequences of poor care, visit the website of the Austin Vet Clinic today.

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Dental Care – What is an Optimal Oral Hygiene Routine?


2010
02.19



Dental care is very important because the gums and teeth are directly connected to the blood stream and your teeth should be your first line of protection for good health. Researchers have found what appears to be a connection between gum disease, heart disease, stroke and even premature births.

Normally, in the case of gum disease is the body’s inflammatory response to the presence of bacteria associated with dental plaque. The theory suggests that inflammation in the gums become inflamed and unchecked, the infection of the gums is distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream. Once in the bloodstream, the infection may have an impact on other inflammatory diseases that occur in the body.

While this relationship may exist, studies have not positively identified the reason for how or why it occurs. The practice of oral hygiene is important because it prevents the accumulation of dental plaque. It makes the point for two of the most common diseases found in the mouth, tooth decay and gum disease.

Dental plaque is a soft whitish deposit that forms on the tooth surface that is formed when bacteria (germs) combines with food and saliva. Plaque contains many types of bacteria and can only be removed by practicing good oral hygiene.

Regular oral hygiene visits to the dentist are vital to keep your teeth and gums clean and healthy, and to prevent potentially serious problems. This article will help you learn how to keep your smile looking its best using the best oral hygiene practices.

Visit the dentist twice a year. If you smoke, have gum disease or diabetes, consider more frequent visits. Brush your teeth after meals and snacks with an electric toothbrush if possible because it aids in removing plaque and massages the gums. Floss daily to remove plaque and reduce bacteria. Talk to with your dental hygienist at your next cleaning to learn where you had the most build-up of plaque so you can focus more on those areas. Brush your tongue. It is highly recommended by dentists because bacteria hides in the bumpy surface of the tongue. The bacteria feeds on the remnants of food which is the main cause of bad breath or halitosis. Stay away from sugary drinks and treats. Sugar promotes the growth of plaque. Eat foods high in calcium and Vitamins C and D. Use mouth rinses that

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Endometriosis – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment of Endometriosis


2010
02.18



Endometriosis is defined as the presence of tissue that resembles endometrial glands and stroma that normally line the inside of the uterus, is seen outside the uterine cavity. It is called adenomyosis, when the endometrial stroma is found in the uterine muscle which is sometimes referred to as endometriosis interna, while endometriosis externa refers to endometriosis involving other sites such as ovaries, utero-sacral ligaments, pelvic peritoneum, lower genital tract, bladder, bowel, lymph nodes, laparotomy scars and in the lungs and umbilicus; endometriotic cysts in the ovaries are called ‘chocolate cysts’.

Endometriosis is a chronic, debilitating condition that is seen among 7-10% women in the general population, 5-20% in the younger women and 5% in the post-menopausal women, who are on hormone replacement therapy. Endometrioid carcinoma is diagnosed when ovarian cancer and endometriosis exist together and the histology shows benign endometriosis and a transition zone between benign and malignant tissues.

Causes of Endometriosis:

There are many probable causes and theories attributed to this enigmatic condition that does not fit a definite mould. It is an estrogen dependent tumour as it is rare before the onset of menstruation and regresses after the menopause.

1. Retrograde Menstruation: Metastatic theory: tubal regurgitation of menstrual blood allows implantation of endometrial cells in the peritoneum, structures in the pelvic and abdominal cavity, especially the ovaries. Endometriosis regresses during pregnancy, which is likely to be due to the suppression of menstruation.

2. The Coelomic Metaplastic Theory: the metaplastic changes of the coelomic epithelium into endometrial glands could explain endometriosis in unusual sites; genital tract mucosa is derived from the primitive coelomic peritoneum.

3. Direct Implantation Theory: direct extension into the myometrium focuses on the most likely cause for Adenomyosis.

4. Lymphatic and Vascular Theory: this probably explains the presence of endometriosis in the lymph nodes and lungs

5. Changes in the immune system and genetics, increasing the susceptibility to endometriosis showing a familial tendency

Symptoms of Endometriosis:

There is no real correlation between the extent of endometriosis and the symptoms; the severity of symptoms depends on the site and the complications. Dysmenorrohea is the most common symptom, though cyclical pain and bleeding – bleeding from the rectum, the umbilicus or the bladder (haematuria) are also seen. Dyspareunia due to the involvement of utero-sacral ligaments, recto-vaginal septum and, or obliteration of the pouch of Douglas (cul-de-sac) or fixed retroversion of the uterus due to the scarring and adhesions can be most distressing to the woman and her partner. Hip joint pain due to adhesions and the involvement of the sciatic nerve can be excruciating.

Endometriosis of the ovary can result in ovarian cysts, called chocolate cysts due to the presence of altered blood, the rupture of which can cause inflammation of the peritoneum, severe pain associated with fever. This may simulate ovarian cancer and cause difficulty in diagnosing; there is a slight increased risk of ovarian cancer. But the incidence in certain age group and the clinical features along with diagnostic laparoscopy and histology differentiate the two. Adhesions in the pelvis can lead to sub-fertility and infertility. All these endometriosis symptoms have physical, psychological and social implications for the women involved, and their family. Symptoms and physical findings such as nodular and tender utero-sacral ligament and fixed retroversion of the uterus are suggestive of endometriosis. Identifying the typical blue-black spots or the powder-burn appearance or even the defects or clear areas in the peritoneum or the chocolate cysts, at laparoscopy is the ‘gold standard’ for diagnosing endometriosis.

Treatment of endometriosis:

symptomatic treatment for pain, with ibuprofen, paracetamol or codeine. Therapeutic trial of combined oral contraceptive pills or progestogens can be used initially before a definitive diagnosis is made. Suppression of ovarian function, using a noncyclical oral contraceptive pills or progestogens for 6 months or danazol, or Gonadotrophin releasing hormone analog for around 3 months, which may require an ad-back therapy to prevent osteoporosis.

Ablation of the endometriotic lesions by laser is ideal and best done at the initial diagnostic laparoscopy. Laparoscopic cystectomy is the preferred treatment for chocolate cysts; conservative surgery by laser ablation, division of adhesions and correction of retroversion are preferred in younger women, to preserve fertility choice; IVF is recommended if there is co-existing infertility. Hysterectomy with cytoreduction, division of adhesions, and or removal of ovaries may be required in older women, to prevent complications of bowel or bladder involvement later on or when recurrence occurs following conservative surgery.

One should be aware that surgery does not guarantee a complete cure. Post- operative treatment of progestogens, with or without hormone replacement can be given to prevent osteoporosis and vascular symptoms. In younger women a pregnancy may cure the disease permanently. The psychological impact caused by the severity of the symptoms of endometriosis is made worse by the infertility in the younger women. Endometriosis is a disease that is still undergoing extensive research, as to the cause, detection of a minimal invasive diagnostic tool and the best form of treatment – for an improved quality of life for all its victims.

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The Difference Between Bonding and Veneers For Cosmetic Dentistry


2010
02.17



Chipped, stained, and malformed teeth – nobody wants them, but many people have them. The good news is that now there are treatment options for chipped, stained, and malformed teeth. By consulting with a cosmetic dentist, you will learn about the treatments available so you can make the best decision for you. Veneer or bonding treatments are typically suggested during consultations since these common techniques are easier and less painful than placing a crown.

All About Bonding

This process is simpler and less expensive than veneers for repairing a damaged tooth, so it is usually the first recommendation of a cosmetic dentist. The process includes spreading a white composite resin that is made of plastic and has a paste consistency on top of the damaged tooth. The substance can be colored for a custom match to your other teeth, making the repair look natural.

The oral care expert first applies a chemical to the damaged tooth in the process. This chemical makes the existing enamel rough so the material will stick to the tooth’s surface when applied. After the bonding material is applied, a special light is used to cure the material and applies additional layers when necessary. The material is flexible, so it allows the cosmetic dentist to put his artist’s skills to work, shaping the material and shining it until it looks completely natural.

Since bonding doesn’t require any anesthetic and is performed fast, it is less expensive than veneers. A dental expert can even bond more than one tooth in the same sitting and the patient has no recovery period.

Unfortunately, there are a few drawbacks to bonding. It only lasts five to ten years, while a veneer should last twenty years. Therefore, the long-term expense often exceeds the short-term savings when looking at choosing between the two treatments. The plastic stains easier than natural teeth, so patients have to consider the effects of their favorite foods, especially with front teeth.

And Now About Veneers

Veneers are actually a thin layer of porcelain or acrylic material that sits over your natural tooth, giving an improved appearance. The process of veneering starts with the freezing of the affected tooth and then grinding down the enamel. After making a mold and impression of the grounded down tooth, a laboratory manufacturers the veneer. After receiving the veneer from the laboratory, which typically takes a few days, the oral care professional roughens the surface of the tooth, applies a special type of composite resin cement, and places the veneer over the damaged tooth.

Patients have to be careful about certain foods, like blueberries and red wine, because of problems with staining. The tooth underneath the veneer is still subject to cavities and decay, so regular dental checkups and dental hygiene are a must. While veneers cost more, there is no typical fee. Consult a cosmetic dentist for an estimate for a true vision of the costs involved.

Both veneers and bonding can be performed by a Miami Beach cosmetic dentist or in any other major city. Several factors can determine the best treatment for you, including the kind of damage and repair, the amount of time you have to wait for repairs, and your budget. By consulting with a dental professional, you will be able to make an educated decision about the treatment best for you.